Personality
Disorders and Their Successes
Personality
Disorder
|
Personality Success
|
Antisocial
Personality Disorder
This
disorder is characterized by a long-standing pattern of a disregard for other
people's rights, often crossing the line and violating those rights. This
pattern of behavior has occurred since age 15 (although only adults 18 years
or older can be diagnosed with this disorder) and consists by the presence of
the majority of these symptoms: §
failure to conform to social norms with
respect to lawful behaviors as indicated by repeatedly performing acts that
are grounds for arrest §
deceitfulness, as indicated by repeated
lying, use of aliases, or conning others for personal profit or pleasure §
impulsivity or failure to plan ahead §
irritability and aggressiveness, as
indicated by repeated physical fights or assaults §
reckless disregard for safety of self or
others §
consistent irresponsibility, as indicated
by repeated failure to sustain consistent work behavior or honor financial
obligations §
lack of remorse, as indicated by being
indifferent to or rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from
another |
The Cooperator
This
person seeks to respect, honor and uphold other people’s rights. §
Tends to respect the law and rules that seem right and just §
Honest, willing to speak the truth §
Thoughtful, tends to plan ahead §
Hold other lives in regard as precious §
Responsible, willing to meet
the demands of life, work, family and community Naturally
seek to protect, comfort, and provide for others |
Avoidant Personality
Disorder This
disorder is characterized by a long-standing and complex pattern of feelings
of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to what other people think about them, and
social inhibition. It typically manifests itself by early adulthood and
includes a majority of the following symptoms: §
avoids occupational
activities
that involve significant interpersonal contact, because of fears of
criticism, disapproval, or rejection §
is unwilling to get
involved with people unless certain of being liked §
shows restraint within intimate
relationships because of the fear of being shamed or ridiculed §
is preoccupied with being
criticized or rejected in social situations §
is inhibited in new
interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy §
views self as socially inept,
personally unappealing, or inferior to others is
unusually reluctant to take
personal risks or to engage in any new activities because they may prove
embarrassing |
Confident
This
person seeks to be confident and sociable, in harmony with others §
seeks occupational activities that involve interacting with
others; Willing to tolerate criticism
and disapproval or rejection, and still move towards excellence. §
Willing to be involved with people even if they are not appreciated §
Seeks to be involved in intimate relationships §
Feels good about oneself, feels socially responsible, and equal to
others §
Willing to take personal risks in new activities, even if
embarrassing |
Borderline
Personality Disorder
A
person who suffers from this disorder has labile interpersonal relationships
characterized by instability. This pattern of interacting with others has
persisted for years and is usually closely related to the person's self-image
and early social interactions. The pattern is present in a variety of
settings (e.g., not just at work or home) and often is accompanied by a
similar lability (fluctuating back and forth,
sometimes in a quick manner) in a person's affect, or feelings. Relationships
and the person's affect may often be characterized as being shallow. A person
with this disorder may also exhibit impulsive behaviors and exhibit a
majority of the following symptoms: §
frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment. §
a pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized
by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation §
identity disturbance: markedly and persistently unstable self-image
or sense of self §
impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging
(e.g., spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating) §
recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating
behavior §
affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood (e.g.,
intense episodic dysphoria, irritability, or
anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days) §
chronic feelings of emptiness §
inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger (e.g.,
frequent displays of temper, constant anger, recurrent physical fights) §
transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms |
Respectful
This
person has stable interpersonal relationships and seeks consistency in the
intention and expression of feelings.
This person has a sense of profundity and wholesomeness about them and
their relationships. §
Makes strong efforts to keep the group together §
A pattern of stable and intense interpersonal relationships, with realistic expectations §
Has a strong and realistic self- esteem, confident and sure of ones
identity §
Takes a consistent and successful care of oneself §
Respects and keeps their own and other’s life as precious §
Truthful expression of affect that is in tune with the feelings of
others §
Chronic feelings of fulfillment §
Strong and appropriate control of ones moods and expressions of
frustrations §
Has a clear understanding of people’s intention, and is trusting
appropriately |
Dependent
Personality Disorder This
personality disorder is characterized by a long-standing need for the person
to be taken care of and a fear of being abandoned or separated from important
individuals in his or her life. This pervasive fear leads to "clinging
behavior" and usually manifests itself by early adulthood. It includes a
majority of the following symptoms: §
has difficulty making everyday decisions without an excessive amount
of advice and reassurance from others §
needs others to assume responsibility for most major areas of his or
her life §
has difficulty expressing disagreement with others because of fear of
loss of support or approval. §
has difficulty initiating projects or doing things on his or her own
(because of a lack of self-confidence in judgment or abilities rather than a
lack of motivation or energy) §
goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support from
others, to the point of volunteering to do things that are unpleasant §
feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone because of exaggerated
fears of being unable to care for himself or herself §
urgently seeks another relationship as a source of care and support
when a close relationship ends §
is unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to take care
of himself or herself |
Self-reliant This
person takes care of their own needs, and feels supported by ones sphere of
influence. §
Can make ones own decisions without the need for reassurance and
advice from others §
Assumes responsibility for most of the major areas of life §
Can express disagreement even
in the light of disapproval §
Has the self confidence in judgment and abilities to initiate and
persist in even difficult projects §
Can gain nurturance from many avenues so as not to over burden others
with ones own needs §
Is confident that one could care for ones own self §
Allows the aftermath of a challenging romantic relationship to heal
before beginning new romances Believes
that the universe provides, and even provides better when one helps oneself |
Histrionic
Personality Disorder
A
pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning
by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five
(or more) of the following: §
is uncomfortable in situations in which he or she is not the center
of attention §
interaction with others is often characterized by inappropriate
sexually seductive or provocative behavior §
displays rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions §
consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self §
has a style of speech that is
excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail §
shows self-dramatization,
theatricality, and exaggerated expression of emotion §
is suggestible, i.e., easily influenced by others or circumstances considers
relationships to be more intimate than they actually are |
The Romantic Expresses
a full and comfortable range of emotionality,
and seeks other’s attentions respectfully §
Is comfortable when not the center of attention §
Controls ones own sexually seductive
and provocative behavior to where it is appropriate §
Has a graceful and rich expression of emotions §
Uses impressionistic speech to get the details more fully understood §
Uses appropriate drama and one’s true expression of emotions to let
others know how they feel Has
an accurate consideration of the depth and intimacy of feelings of others |
Narcissistic
Personality Disorder
A
pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for
admiration, and lack of empathy, beginning by early adulthood and present in
a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following: §
has a grandiose sense of self-importance (e.g., exaggerates
achievements and talents, expects to be recognized as superior without
commensurate achievements) §
is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power,
brilliance, beauty, or ideal love §
believes that he or she is "special" and unique and can
only be understood by, or should associate with, other special or high-status
people (or institutions) §
requires excessive admiration §
has a sense of entitlement, i.e., unreasonable expectations of
especially favorable treatment or automatic compliance with his or her
expectations §
is interpersonally exploitative, i.e., takes advantage of others to
achieve his or her own ends §
lacks empathy: is unwilling to recognize or identify with the
feelings and needs of others §
is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him
or her §
shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes |
Humble
has
a modest and accurate sense of self,
confident of one’s own talents, while
empathic and encouraging of others §
sees oneself as equal to others, and has a realistic view of ones own
achievements and talents §
realistically and strongly pursues ones excellence, success, power,
and love §
Understands each person’s uniqueness §
Has the self-confidence to pursue their goals §
Believes that all people are entitled to pursue their path and
experiences with equal rights and opportunity §
Is interpersonally respectful, i.e. allow others to achieve their own
unique goals §
Has empathy, and considers other people’s feelings and beliefs §
Is encouraging to others and hopes that others are encouraging as
well §
Has accepting and cooperative attitudes and behaviors |
Obsessive-Compulsive
Personality Disorder
A
pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and
mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness,
and efficiency, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of
contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following: §
is preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, or
schedules to the extent that the major point of the activity is lost §
shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion (e.g., is
unable to complete a project because his or her own overly strict standards
are not met) §
is excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exclusion of
leisure activities and friendships (not accounted for by obvious economic
necessity) §
is overconscientious, scrupulous, and
inflexible about matters of morality, ethics, or values (not accounted for by
cultural or religious identification) §
is unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they have
no sentimental value §
is reluctant to delegate tasks or to work with others unless they
submit to exactly his or her way of doing things §
adopts a miserly spending style toward both self and others; money is
viewed as something to be hoarded for future catastrophes §
shows rigidity and stubbornness |
Well-disciplined
(Self-controlled) --Flexible
Uses
a realistic pattern of orderliness, perfectionism, mental and interpersonal
control, combined with flexibility, openness, and efficiency to pursue ones
excellence §
Keeps a good perspective of the big picture and goals, while working
out the details, rules, lists, order, organization and schedule §
Pursues a realistic perfection that inspires task completion (able to
complete projects, because they fall within ones abilities and standards) §
Appropriately devoted to work and productivity, while still inclusive
of friends and leisure §
Conscientious, meticulous, yet flexible about matters of morality,
ethics, or values §
Willing to delegate tasks and to work with others, allowing them
appropriate freedom to do it how they see fit §
Has a generous spending style towards oneself and others; money is
viewed as energy to be utilized when appropriate §
Has flexibility and is easy
going |
Paranoid
Personality Disorder
A
pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are
interpreted as malevolent, beginning by early adulthood and present in a
variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following: §
suspects, without sufficient basis, that others are exploiting,
harming, or deceiving him or her §
is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or
trustworthiness of friends or associates §
is reluctant to confide in others because of unwarranted fear that
the information will be used maliciously against him or her §
reads hidden demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or
events §
persistently bears grudges, i.e., is unforgiving of insults,
injuries, or slights §
perceives attacks on his or her character or reputation that are not apparent
to others and is quick to react angrily or to counterattack has
recurrent suspicions, without justification, regarding fidelity of spouse or
sexual partner |
Trusting
A
pervasive trust and accepting of other’s motives as benevolent, and
appropriately cautious of those with malevolent intentions §
believes that others are supportive, helping, kind and truthful,
unless there is overwhelming evidence otherwise §
Has faith in the loyalty and trustworthiness of friends and
associates §
Confides in others who seem trustworthy, and believes the
acknowledgement that all will be kept confident §
Reads the intentions of others accurately §
Willing to forgive others for insults, injuries and slights §
Reacts peacefully to attacks from others and seeks to get along well
with people §
Builds a trusting and faithful relationship with spouse or sexual
partner |
Schizoid
Personality Disorder
A
pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted
range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning by early
adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or
more) of the following: §
neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, including being part
of a family §
almost always chooses solitary activities §
has little, if any, interest in having sexual experiences with
another person §
takes pleasure in few, if any, activities §
lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives §
appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others §
shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affectivity |
Gregarious
A
pervasive pattern of involvement in social relationship, with a wide range of
expression of emotions in interpersonal settings §
Desires and enjoys close relationships, including being part of a
family §
Chooses social activities, while still respecting their solitary time §
Enjoys sexual experiences with others §
Takes pleasure in many activities §
Has close friends and confidants §
Appreciates the praise and criticism of others §
Is emotionally rich, warm, and accepting |
Schizotypal
Personality Disorder
A
pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute
discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by
cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior, beginning
by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five
(or more) of the following: §
ideas of reference (excluding delusions of reference) §
odd beliefs or magical thinking that influences behavior and is
inconsistent with subcultural norms (e.g., superstitiousness, belief in clairvoyance, telepathy, or
"sixth sense"; in children and adolescents, bizarre fantasies or
preoccupations) §
unusual perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions §
odd thinking and speech (e.g., vague, circumstantial, metaphorical,
over-elaborate, or stereotyped) §
suspiciousness or paranoid ideation §
inappropriate or constricted affect §
behavior or appearance that is odd, eccentric, or peculiar §
lack of close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives
§
excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and
tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments
about self |
Suave
A
pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal excellences, marked by comfort
with and increased capacity for close relationships, as well as cognitive
accuracy’s and uniquenesses of behavior §
Accepting of self-responsibility for ones own beliefs, actions and
experiences §
beliefs, thought processes and behavior that are consistent with
cultural norms and realistic §
accurate perceptual experiences, and has appropriate self image §
Brilliant thinking and uses words wisely §
Trusting that the universe will be supportive §
Appropriate and expressive affect §
Behavior or appearance that is comfortable, appropriate and
unobtrusive §
Many close friends and relatives §
Comfortable in social situations, that improves with social
familiarity |